Toilets are essential bathroom fixtures available in various types, styles, and flushing systems to suit different needs and preferences. Key factors to consider include the installation type (close-coupled, wall-hung, etc.), flush mechanism, and specific features like comfort height or rimless designs.

Common toilet types and features

• Close-coupled toilets: The most common and versatile type, where the cistern is directly attached to the back of the toilet bowl.
  
  
• Wall-hung toilets: These mount to the wall using a concealed frame and cistern, which saves floor space and creates a modern, clean look.
  
  
• Back-to-wall toilets: Similar to wall-hung, but the pan sits on the floor while the cistern and pipework are concealed within the wall or a unit.
  
  
• Comfort height toilets: Taller than standard toilets (around 5cm higher), making them easier to use for taller individuals or those with mobility issues.
  
  
• Rimless toilets: Feature an innovative bowl design without a traditional rim, eliminating hidden areas where bacteria and limescale can build up, which improves hygiene and makes cleaning easier.
  
  
• Dual flush system: An eco-friendly option that provides two buttons or a lever to select either a full flush (for solid waste) or a reduced flush (for liquid waste), saving significant amounts of water.

Toilet installation

Toilet installation in 2026 typically costs between £200 and £600 for a standard replacement, including labour and materials. The process usually takes a plumber 2 to 4 hours to complete.

Toilet repair

Many common toilet issues such as running water, clogs, or weak flushing can be diagnosed and repaired with DIY knowledge and tools. The problems typically stem from internal cistern components like the flapper valve, fill valve, or water level adjustments.

Common repairs and DIY fixes

Toilet running/constantly filling

Cause: Faulty flapper or fill valve; water level set too high.

Solution: Adjust the float height or the fill valve screw to lower the water level (about 1 inch below the overflow tube). If the flapper is worn, warped, or the chain is the wrong length, replace it with a new one.

Clogged toilet

Cause: Blockage in the trapway or drain line (e.g., too much paper, non-flushable items).

Solution: Use a flange plunger to create a tight seal and plunge vigorously to dislodge the clog. A toilet auger (snake) can be used for deeper or tougher clogs. Avoid chemical cleaners which can damage pipes.

Weak/partial flush

Cause: Low water level in the cistern or mineral deposits clogging rim jets.

Solution: Check and adjust the water level. Clean the small holes (rim jets) under the bowl rim with a wire or brush to remove limescale buildup.

Leaking toilet base

Cause: Worn-out wax ring or loose mounting bolts.

Solution: Tighten the mounting bolts gently. If the leak persists, you will need to remove the toilet and replace the old wax ring seal with a new one.

When to call a plumber

While many problems can be fixed with basic tools, some issues require professional expertise to avoid further damage. Consider calling a professional for:

• Persistent blockages that a plunger or auger can’t clear, which may indicate a main sewer line issue or a blocked vent stack on the roof.
  
  
• Visible cracks in the porcelain tank or bowl, as these usually require replacement of the unit.
  
  
• Leaks where the source is not apparent, such as a damaged toilet flange or corroded pipes that are hidden.
  
  
• Concealed cisterns where internal components are difficult to access.